Keycloak

#lang-java #sso #web 

Keycloak is an open source identity and access management system which allows single sign-on for web applications and services.

Note

For this guide you should be familiar with the basic concepts of

License

Keycloak is released under the Apache 2.0 license.

Prerequisites

Your URL needs to be setup:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ uberspace web domain list
isabell.uber.space
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Installation

Download Keycloak

Check the Keycloak website or Github Repository for the latest release and copy the download link to the .tar.gz file. Then use wget to download it. Replace the URL with the one you just got from GitHub.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ wget https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/releases/download/15.0.2/keycloak-15.0.2.tar.gz
[…]
Saving to: ‘keycloak-15.0.2.tar.gz’

100%[======================================>] 253,994,058 51,5MB/s   in 4,8s

2021-11-19 22:36:18 (50,7 MB/s) - ‘keycloak-15.0.2.tar.gz’ saved [253994058/253994058]
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Extract the archive

Use tar to extract the archive and delete the archive. Replace the version in the archive file name with the one you just downloaded.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ tar -xvzf keycloak-15.0.2.tar.gz
keycloak-15.0.2
[isabell@stardust ~]$ ln -s ~/keycloak-15.0.2 ~/keycloak-current
[isabell@stardust ~]$

You can now delete the archive:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ rm keycloak-15.0.2.tar.gz
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Configuration

Change the configuration

Find the following block in file ~/keycloak-current/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml and add the proxy-address-forwarding="true" attribute to <http-listener> element under <server>.

<subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:undertow:12.0" default-server="default-server" default-virtual-host="default-host" default-servlet-container="default" default-security-domain="other" statistics-enabled="${wildfly.undertow.statistics-enabled:${wildfly.statistics-enabled:false}}">
    <buffer-cache name="default"/>
    <server name="default-server">
        <http-listener name="default" socket-binding="http" redirect-socket="https" enable-http2="true" proxy-address-forwarding="true"/>
        <https-listener name="https" socket-binding="https" security-realm="ApplicationRealm" enable-http2="true"/>
        <host name="default-host" alias="localhost">
            <location name="/" handler="welcome-content"/>
            <http-invoker security-realm="ApplicationRealm"/>
        </host>
    </server>
    ...
</subsystem>

Create an admin user

Replace <username> with a user name of your choice and enter a password when you are asked to

[isabell@stardust ~]$ cd ~/keycloak-current/bin
[isabell@stardust keycloak-current]$ ./add-user-keycloak.sh -u <username>
Press ctrl-d (Unix) or ctrl-z (Windows) to exit
Password:
[isabell@stardust keycloak-current]$

Setup daemon

Use your favourite editor to create the file ~/etc/services.d/keycloak.ini with the following content.

[program:keycloak]
command=%(ENV_HOME)s/keycloak-current/bin/standalone.sh -b 0.0.0.0
autostart=yes
autorestart=yes

After creating the configuration, tell supervisord to refresh its configuration and start the service:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl reread
SERVICE: available
[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl update
SERVICE: added process group
[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl status
SERVICE                            RUNNING   pid 26020, uptime 0:03:14
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Setup Backend

Note

Keycloak is running on port 8080.

To make the application accessible from the outside, configure a web backend:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ uberspace web backend set / --http --port <port>
Set backend for / to port <port>; please make sure something is listening!
You can always check the status of your backend using "uberspace web backend list".
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Finishing installation

Point your Browser to your installation URL https://isabell.uber.space and use Keycloak!

Tuning

For further information on configuration and usage read the Keycloak Documentation.

Updates

Note

Check the update feed regularly to stay informed about the newest version.

To update Keycloak you need to remove the symlink to ~/keyclok-current first.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ rm ~/keycloak-current
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Now install the new version as described under Installation, but without the configuration steps.

Migrate data

Copy the standalone directory from the previous installation (version 12.0.0 in this example) over the directory in the new installation:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ cp -r keycloak-12.0.0/standalone keycloak-current
keycloak: stopped
[isabell@stardust ~]$

You also need to copy any custom modules that have been added to the modules directory in the same way.

For some versions manual migration steps are needed: Migration Guide.

Stop the process of the previous version

First stop the daemon:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl stop keycloak
 keycloak: stopped
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Unfortunately stopping the daemon is not enough so you need to identify the running Keycloak process. The command starts with java -D[Standalone].

[isabell@stardust ~]$ ps aux
USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
isabell   1138  0.0  0.0 219848 17536 ?        Ss   Nov02  11:40 /opt/uberspace/python-venv/bin/python /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
isabell   1786  0.4  1.5 1659844 477116 ?      Sl   Nov02 116:23 java -D[Standalone] -server -Xms64m -Xmx512m -XX:MetaspaceSize=96M -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=256m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true - Djboss.modules.system.pkgs=org.jboss.byteman
isabell  23108  0.0  0.0 116912  3556 pts/6    Ss   22:25   0:00 -bash
isabell  26803  0.0  0.0 155452  1844 pts/6    R+   23:18   0:00 ps aux
isabell  32155  0.0  0.0 737800 27388 ?        Ss   Nov18   0:11 php-fpm: master process (/opt/uberspace/etc/isabell/php-fpm.conf)
[isabell@stardust ~]$

And kill the process. Replace PID by the PID identified in the previous step.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ kill -SIGKILL PID
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Run the upgrade script

Note

If you are using a different configuration file than the default one, edit the migration script to specify the new file name.

Now run the script:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ cd keycloak-current
[isabell@stardust keycloak-current]$ bin/jboss-cli.sh --file=bin/migrate-standalone.cli
*** WARNING ***

** If the following embed-server command fails, manual intervention is needed.
** In such case, remove any <extension> and <subsystem> declarations referring
** to the removed smallrye modules from the standalone.xml file and rerun this script.
** For details, see Migration Changes section in the Upgrading guide.
** We apologize for this inconvenience.

*** Begin Migration ***
[...]
*** End Migration ***
[isabell@stardust keycloak-current]$

Start the daemon again

[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl start keycloak
 keycloak: started
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Clean up

Once you made sure had success and everything works as expected you can delete the previous version:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ rm -r keycloak-12.0.0
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Tested with Keycloak 15.0.2, Uberspace 7.11.5

Written by: Julius Künzel